{"id":8234113,"date":"2026-10-24T17:28:05","date_gmt":"2026-10-24T17:28:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/scn.eu\/?post_type=scn_guide&#038;p=8234113"},"modified":"2026-10-24T17:33:04","modified_gmt":"2026-10-24T17:33:04","slug":"pt100-eller-termoelement","status":"publish","type":"scn_guide","link":"https:\/\/scn.eu\/sv\/guider\/pt100-eller-termoelement\/","title":{"rendered":"PT100 eller termoelement? S\u00e5 v\u00e4ljer du temperaturgivare"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"scn-guide\">\n<h1>PT100 eller termoelement? S\u00e5 v\u00e4ljer du temperaturgivare<\/h1>\n<p class=\"g-lead\">PT100 och termoelement \u00e4r de vanligaste s\u00e4tten att m\u00e4ta temperatur i industrin. H\u00e4r g\u00e5r vi igenom hur de fungerar, hur noggranna de \u00e4r och hur du v\u00e4ljer givare, koppling och skyddsr\u00f6r.<\/p>\n<div class=\"g-short\"><b class=\"t\">Kort svar<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>PT100<\/b> \u2013 noggrann och stabil, vanligen upp till 600 \u00b0C. F\u00f6rstahandsvalet i processer, livsmedel, v\u00e4rme och ventilation.<\/li>\n<li><b>Termoelement<\/b> \u2013 t\u00e5l h\u00f6gre temperaturer, \u00f6ver 1 000 \u00b0C, och svarar snabbt. Noggrannheten \u00e4r l\u00e4gre.<\/li>\n<li><b>Noggrannhet<\/b> \u2013 ett PT100 i klass A har \u00b10,35 \u00b0C vid 100 \u00b0C. Ett termoelement typ K i klass 1 har \u00b11,5 \u00b0C.<\/li>\n<li><b>Koppling<\/b> \u2013 koppla PT100 med tre eller fyra ledare. Annars m\u00e4ter du kabelns resistans ocks\u00e5.<\/li>\n<li><b>Transmitter<\/b> \u2013 en transmitter g\u00f6r om signalen till 4\u201320 mA eller IO-Link, som t\u00e5l l\u00e5nga kablar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>S\u00e5 fungerar PT100 och termoelement<\/h2>\n<p>Ett <b>PT100<\/b> \u00e4r en resistanstermometer. Ett platinamotst\u00e5nd har 100 \u03a9 vid 0 \u00b0C, och resistansen \u00f6kar med ungef\u00e4r 0,39 \u03a9 per grad. Vid 100 \u00b0C \u00e4r den 138,5 \u03a9. Instrumentet skickar en liten str\u00f6m genom motst\u00e5ndet och r\u00e4knar ut temperaturen. PT1000 fungerar likadant men har 1 000 \u03a9 vid 0 \u00b0C. Egenskaperna definieras i IEC 60751.<\/p>\n<p>Ett <b>termoelement<\/b> best\u00e5r av tv\u00e5 tr\u00e5dar av olika metaller som \u00e4r sammansvetsade i spetsen. N\u00e4r spetsen och den andra \u00e4nden, referensst\u00e4llet, har olika temperatur uppst\u00e5r en liten sp\u00e4nning \u2013 f\u00f6r typ K ungef\u00e4r 41 \u00b5V per grad. Instrumentet m\u00e4ter temperaturen vid referensst\u00e4llet och r\u00e4knar med den, s\u00e5 kallad kallpunktskompensering. Typerna och deras tabeller finns i IEC 60584-1.<\/p>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/scn-guide-temperatur-f1-sv.webp\" alt=\"Princip: i ett PT100 \u00f6kar platinamotst\u00e5ndets resistans med temperaturen. I ett termoelement ger tv\u00e5 olika metaller en sp\u00e4nning som beror p\u00e5 temperaturskillnaden mellan m\u00e4tpunkten och referensst\u00e4llet.\" width=\"1520\" height=\"512\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>PT100 m\u00e4ter resistans, termoelementet m\u00e4ter en sp\u00e4nning som beror p\u00e5 temperaturskillnaden.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>PT100 eller termoelement \u2013 vilken ska du v\u00e4lja?<\/h2>\n<div class=\"g-tbl\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Egenskap<\/th>\n<th>PT100<\/th>\n<th>Termoelement<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">Temperatur<\/td>\n<td>Vanligen \u2212200 till +600 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<td>Upp till cirka 1 700 \u00b0C beroende p\u00e5 typ<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">Noggrannhet<\/td>\n<td>H\u00f6g: klass A \u00b10,35 \u00b0C vid 100 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<td>L\u00e4gre: typ K klass 1 \u00b11,5 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">Stabilitet<\/td>\n<td>Mycket god \u00f6ver tid<\/td>\n<td>Driftar mer, s\u00e4rskilt vid h\u00f6ga temperaturer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">Svarstid<\/td>\n<td>L\u00e4ngre, elementet \u00e4r st\u00f6rre<\/td>\n<td>Kort, spetsen kan vara mycket tunn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">Kabel<\/td>\n<td>Vanlig kopparkabel med 3 eller 4 ledare<\/td>\n<td>Kompensationskabel av samma typ<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">Pris<\/td>\n<td>N\u00e5got dyrare element<\/td>\n<td>Billigt element<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>En enkel tumregel: n\u00e4r noggrannhet och stabilitet \u00e4r viktigast och temperaturen ligger under n\u00e5gra hundra grader, v\u00e4lj PT100. \u00d6ver 600 \u00b0C, vid snabba f\u00f6rlopp eller n\u00e4r givaren m\u00e5ste vara mycket liten, v\u00e4lj termoelement.<\/p>\n<h2>Noggrannhetsklasser och termoelementtyper<\/h2>\n<p>IEC 60751 delar in PT100 och PT1000 i toleransklasser. Toleransen g\u00e4ller sj\u00e4lva elementet, inte hela m\u00e4tkedjan. H\u00e4r \u00e4r t temperaturen i \u00b0C:<\/p>\n<div class=\"g-tbl\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Klass<\/th>\n<th>Tolerans<\/th>\n<th>Vid 100 \u00b0C<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">AA<\/td>\n<td>\u00b1(0,1 + 0,0017\u00b7|t|) \u00b0C<\/td>\n<td>\u00b10,27 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">A<\/td>\n<td>\u00b1(0,15 + 0,002\u00b7|t|) \u00b0C<\/td>\n<td>\u00b10,35 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">B<\/td>\n<td>\u00b1(0,3 + 0,005\u00b7|t|) \u00b0C<\/td>\n<td>\u00b10,8 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">C<\/td>\n<td>\u00b1(0,6 + 0,01\u00b7|t|) \u00b0C<\/td>\n<td>\u00b11,6 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>Klassen g\u00e4ller bara inom ett visst omr\u00e5de, som \u00e4r sn\u00e4vare f\u00f6r tunnfilmselement \u00e4n f\u00f6r tr\u00e5dlindade. Klass A g\u00e4ller till exempel fr\u00e5n \u221230 till +300 \u00b0C f\u00f6r tunnfilm och fr\u00e5n \u2212100 till +450 \u00b0C f\u00f6r tr\u00e5dlindade element. Beteckningen 1\/3 DIN betyder en tredjedel av toleransen i klass B.<\/p>\n<h3>Vanliga termoelementtyper<\/h3>\n<div class=\"g-tbl\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Typ<\/th>\n<th>Material<\/th>\n<th>Passar f\u00f6r<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">K<\/td>\n<td>NiCr\u2013NiAl<\/td>\n<td>Allroundtyp upp till cirka 1 200 \u00b0C: ugnar, avgaser, v\u00e4rmebehandling<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">N<\/td>\n<td>NiCrSi\u2013NiSi<\/td>\n<td>Upp till cirka 1 200 \u00b0C, stabilare \u00e4n K vid h\u00f6ga temperaturer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">J<\/td>\n<td>Fe\u2013CuNi<\/td>\n<td>Upp till 750 \u00b0C, vanlig i plastmaskiner<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">T<\/td>\n<td>Cu\u2013CuNi<\/td>\n<td>L\u00e5ga temperaturer, kyla och livsmedel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">R, S, B<\/td>\n<td>Platina\u2013rodium<\/td>\n<td>Upp till 1 600\u20131 700 \u00b0C: glas, st\u00e5l och keramik<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Tv\u00e5-, tre- eller fyrledarkoppling?<\/h2>\n<p>Ett PT100 m\u00e4ter resistans, s\u00e5 \u00e4ven kabelns resistans hamnar i m\u00e4tv\u00e4rdet. Med tv\u00e5ledarkoppling och tio meter kabel med 0,5 mm\u00b2 ledare blir felet n\u00e4stan 2 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/scn-guide-temperatur-f2-sv.webp\" alt=\"Tv\u00e5-, tre- och fyrledarkoppling av ett PT100 till ett instrument. Med fler ledare minskar kabelns inverkan p\u00e5 m\u00e4tv\u00e4rdet.\" width=\"1520\" height=\"480\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>Ju fler ledare, desto mindre p\u00e5verkar kabeln m\u00e4tv\u00e4rdet.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Tv\u00e5ledare<\/b> \u2013 enklast. Bara f\u00f6r korta kablar eller PT1000.<\/li>\n<li><b>Treledare<\/b> \u2013 standard i industrin. Instrumentet m\u00e4ter en ledare och drar bort den, s\u00e5 l\u00e4nge ledarna \u00e4r lika.<\/li>\n<li><b>Fyrledare<\/b> \u2013 tv\u00e5 ledare f\u00f6r str\u00f6mmen, tv\u00e5 f\u00f6r att m\u00e4ta sp\u00e4nningen. Kabeln p\u00e5verkar inte. F\u00f6r laboratorier och kalibrering.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Termoelement p\u00e5verkas inte av kabelns resistans p\u00e5 samma s\u00e4tt. I st\u00e4llet m\u00e5ste kabeln vara av samma typ som termoelementet hela v\u00e4gen till instrumentet. En skarv med vanlig kopparkabel blir ett nytt m\u00e4tst\u00e4lle.<\/p>\n<h2>Svarstid, skyddsr\u00f6r och transmittrar<\/h2>\n<p>Svarstiden anges ofta som t0,5 eller t0,9: tiden tills givaren visar 50 respektive 90 % av ett temperatursteg. Den beror mer p\u00e5 skyddsr\u00f6ret och mediet \u00e4n p\u00e5 elementet. Str\u00f6mmande v\u00e4tska ger kort svarstid, stillast\u00e5ende luft l\u00e5ng.<\/p>\n<p>Ett <b>skyddsr\u00f6r<\/b> skyddar givaren mot tryck, fl\u00f6de och n\u00f6tning och g\u00f6r att den kan bytas utan att processen t\u00f6ms. Neddoppningsdjupet m\u00e5ste r\u00e4cka. En vanlig tumregel \u00e4r minst tio g\u00e5nger r\u00f6rets diameter, annars leder r\u00f6ret bort v\u00e4rme och givaren visar fel.<\/p>\n<p>En <b>temperaturtransmitter<\/b> i kopplingshuvudet eller p\u00e5 DIN-skena g\u00f6r om signalen till 4\u201320 mA, IO-Link eller f\u00e4ltbuss. Alternativet \u00e4r en analog ing\u00e5ng i PLC:n som klarar PT100 och termoelement direkt, eller ett temperaturrel\u00e4 som larmar vid en gr\u00e4ns.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"g-pit\">\n<li><b>Fel kabel till termoelementet.<\/b> Skarvar med kopparkabel eller kompensationskabel av fel typ kan ge fel p\u00e5 flera grader.<\/li>\n<li><b>Tv\u00e5ledarkoppling p\u00e5 l\u00e5nga kablar.<\/b> Kabelns resistans l\u00e4ggs till m\u00e4tv\u00e4rdet. Anv\u00e4nd tre eller fyra ledare, eller en transmitter n\u00e4ra givaren.<\/li>\n<li><b>F\u00f6r kort neddoppningsdjup.<\/b> Givaren k\u00e4nner av omgivningens temperatur via skyddsr\u00f6ret och visar fel, s\u00e4rskilt i r\u00f6r med liten diameter.<\/li>\n<li><b>Klassen g\u00e4ller bara elementet.<\/b> Transmitter och ing\u00e5ngskort har egna fel. R\u00e4kna p\u00e5 hela m\u00e4tkedjan och kalibrera den som en helhet n\u00e4r noggrannheten \u00e4r viktig.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Var anv\u00e4nds temperaturgivare?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Livsmedel och l\u00e4kemedel<\/b> \u2013 PT100 i hygieniskt utf\u00f6rande f\u00f6r past\u00f6risering, CIP-reng\u00f6ring och kylrum.<\/li>\n<li><b>Fabrik och maskiner<\/b> \u2013 olje- och kylvattentemperatur, lager och motorlindningar.<\/li>\n<li><b>Energi<\/b> \u2013 fj\u00e4rrv\u00e4rme, v\u00e4rmepumpar, transformatorer och generatorer i vatten- och vindkraft.<\/li>\n<li><b>Ugnar och metall<\/b> \u2013 termoelement typ K, N eller S i h\u00e4rdugnar, gjuterier och glastillverkning.<\/li>\n<li><b>Fordon och mobila maskiner<\/b> \u2013 avgas-, kylv\u00e4tske- och hydrauloljetemperatur.<\/li>\n<li><b>Laboratorier och medicinteknik<\/b> \u2013 fyrledarkopplade PT100 f\u00f6r noggrann m\u00e4tning och kalibrering.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Temperaturgivare hos SCN<\/h2>\n<p>Vi har temperaturgivare f\u00f6r v\u00e4tskor och gaser i r\u00f6rsystem fr\u00e5n Wenglor, temperaturrel\u00e4er fr\u00e5n Tele Haase och I\/O-moduler fr\u00e5n Yaskawa och Moxa som l\u00e4ser PT100 och termoelement direkt. Ber\u00e4tta om temperatur, medium och signal, s\u00e5 hj\u00e4lper vi dig att v\u00e4lja.<\/p>\n<h3>Exempel ur v\u00e5rt sortiment<\/h3>\n<div class=\"g-prod\"><a class=\"g-pc\" href=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/sv\/produkt\/fxtt001\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/FXTT001.jpg\" alt=\"Wenglor FXTT001 temperaturgivare\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"g-pb\">Wenglor<\/span><span class=\"g-pn\">FXTT001 temperaturgivare<\/span><span class=\"g-pw\">M\u00e4ter v\u00e4tskor och gaser i slutna r\u00f6rsystem. Kopplingsutg\u00e5ngar eller analog signal st\u00e4lls in via IO-Link, IP68 och IP69K.<\/span><\/a><a class=\"g-pc\" href=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/sv\/produkt\/g2tf-g2tmpt100-temperature-monitors-sv\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/tele-haase-temp-main.webp\" alt=\"Tele Haase G2TF \/ G2TMPT100 temperaturvakter\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"g-pb\">Tele Haase<\/span><span class=\"g-pn\">G2TF \/ G2TMPT100 temperaturvakter<\/span><span class=\"g-pw\">Temperaturvakt p\u00e5 DIN-skena som \u00f6vervakar PT100 med flera gr\u00e4nsv\u00e4rden, eller upp till sex PTC-givare i motorlindningar.<\/span><\/a><a class=\"g-pc\" href=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/sv\/produkt\/m31-1cd50-sv\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/VIPA_M31-1CD50_3D.jpg\" alt=\"Yaskawa M31-1CD50\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"g-pb\">Yaskawa<\/span><span class=\"g-pn\">M31-1CD50<\/span><span class=\"g-pw\">Fyra analoga ing\u00e5ngar f\u00f6r Pt100 och Pt1000 i tv\u00e5-, tre- eller fyrledarkoppling och f\u00f6r termoelement typ J, K, N, T med flera.<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"g-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/sv\/produkt-kategori\/produkter-sv\/sensors-sv\/temperature-sensors-sv\/\">Temperaturgivare<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/sv\/produkt-kategori\/produkter-sv\/komponenter-sv\/monitoring-relays-sv\/\">\u00d6vervakningsrel\u00e4er<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/sv\/produkt-kategori\/produkter-sv\/control-systems-sv\/plc-systems-sv\/micro-plc-sv\/\">Mikro-PLC<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/sv\/produkt-kategori\/produkter-sv\/sensors-sv\/givare-for-tillstandsovervakning-sv\/\">Givare f\u00f6r tillst\u00e5nds\u00f6vervakning<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/sv\/produkt-kategori\/produkter-sv\/sensors-sv\/\">Sensorer<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"g-cta\">\n<p>Os\u00e4ker p\u00e5 givartyp, klass eller koppling? Fr\u00e5ga en av v\u00e5ra ingenj\u00f6rer \u2013 du f\u00e5r svar inom 24 timmar.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/sv\/kontakt\/\">Fr\u00e5ga en ingenj\u00f6r<\/a><\/div>\n<h2>Vanliga fr\u00e5gor<\/h2>\n<details>\n<summary>Vad \u00e4r skillnaden mellan PT100 och PT1000?<\/summary>\n<p>B\u00e5da \u00e4r platinamotst\u00e5nd enligt IEC 60751, men PT1000 har 1 000 \u03a9 vid 0 \u00b0C. Kabelns resistans p\u00e5verkar d\u00e4rf\u00f6r mindre, och PT1000 fungerar b\u00e4ttre med tv\u00e5ledarkoppling. Instrumentet m\u00e5ste vara inst\u00e4llt p\u00e5 r\u00e4tt typ.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Hur kontrollerar jag ett PT100 med en multimeter?<\/summary>\n<p>M\u00e4t resistansen mellan ledarna. Vid 0 \u00b0C ska den vara 100 \u03a9 och vid 20 \u00b0C ungef\u00e4r 108 \u03a9. Ett mycket h\u00f6gt v\u00e4rde tyder p\u00e5 avbrott, ett v\u00e4rde n\u00e4ra noll p\u00e5 kortslutning.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Vilket termoelement ska jag v\u00e4lja?<\/summary>\n<p>Typ K \u00e4r allroundvalet upp till cirka 1 200 \u00b0C. Typ N \u00e4r stabilare vid h\u00f6ga temperaturer, typ T passar f\u00f6r l\u00e5ga temperaturer och typ R, S och B f\u00f6r de allra h\u00f6gsta.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Vad betyder 1\/3 DIN?<\/summary>\n<p>Ett PT100 med en tredjedel av toleransen i klass B, allts\u00e5 ungef\u00e4r \u00b1(0,1 + 0,0017\u00b7|t|) \u00b0C. Det motsvarar klass AA i IEC 60751.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Varf\u00f6r visar mitt termoelement fel?<\/summary>\n<p>Vanliga orsaker \u00e4r fel kompensationskabel, omv\u00e4nd polaritet, fel termoelementtyp inst\u00e4lld i instrumentet eller en givare som \u00e5ldrats av h\u00f6g temperatur.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PT100 och termoelement \u00e4r de vanligaste s\u00e4tten att m\u00e4ta temperatur i industrin. H\u00e4r g\u00e5r vi igenom hur de fungerar, hur noggranna de \u00e4r och hur du v\u00e4ljer givare, koppling och skyddsr\u00f6r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":8234091,"template":"","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"pt100","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"PT100 eller termoelement? 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