{"id":8234559,"date":"2026-10-24T17:26:47","date_gmt":"2026-10-24T17:26:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/scn.eu\/?post_type=scn_guide&#038;p=8234559"},"modified":"2026-10-24T17:29:29","modified_gmt":"2026-10-24T17:29:29","slug":"managed-switch","status":"publish","type":"scn_guide","link":"https:\/\/scn.eu\/da\/guider\/managed-switch\/","title":{"rendered":"Managed eller unmanaged switch \u2013 og hvorn\u00e5r kr\u00e6ves TSN?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"scn-guide\">\n<h1>Managed eller unmanaged switch \u2013 og hvorn\u00e5r kr\u00e6ves TSN?<\/h1>\n<p class=\"g-lead\">En unmanaged switch forbinder enheder uden indstillinger. En managed switch lader dig styre, prioritere og overv\u00e5ge trafikken. Her gennemg\u00e5r vi forskellene, hvad industrien kr\u00e6ver, og hvorn\u00e5r Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) er v\u00e6rd at v\u00e6lge.<\/p>\n<div class=\"g-short\"><b class=\"t\">Kort svar<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Unmanaged<\/b> \u2013 plug and play uden indstillinger. R\u00e6kker til en lille, isoleret maskine eller celle.<\/li>\n<li><b>Managed<\/b> \u2013 VLAN, prioritering, IGMP snooping, redundans og diagnose. N\u00f8dvendig, n\u00e5r nettet vokser eller kobles til fabriksnettet.<\/li>\n<li><b>Smart switch<\/b> \u2013 en mellemting med de vigtigste funktioner og enklere indstillinger.<\/li>\n<li><b>Ring<\/b> \u2013 med en ringprotokol skifter nettet til reservevejen p\u00e5 millisekunder ved kabelbrud.<\/li>\n<li><b>TSN<\/b> \u2013 garanteret forsinkelse p\u00e5 standard-Ethernet. Relevant, n\u00e5r styring, video og IT skal dele samme net.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Hvad er forskellen?<\/h2>\n<p>En switch sender hver Ethernet-ramme til den rigtige port. En unmanaged switch g\u00f8r kun det: den l\u00e6rer selv adresserne og virker med det samme. En managed switch kan konfigureres via browser, kommandolinje eller SNMP. S\u00e5 kan du opdele nettet, prioritere vigtig trafik, opbygge redundans og se, hvad der sker p\u00e5 hver port.<\/p>\n<div class=\"g-tbl\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Funktion<\/th>\n<th>Unmanaged<\/th>\n<th>Managed<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">Indstillinger<\/td>\n<td>Ingen<\/td>\n<td>Web, kommandolinje, SNMP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">VLAN<\/td>\n<td>Nej<\/td>\n<td>Ja, IEEE 802.1Q<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">Prioritering<\/td>\n<td>Nogle gange fast<\/td>\n<td>Ja, kan indstilles<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">IGMP snooping<\/td>\n<td>Nej<\/td>\n<td>Ja<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">Redundans<\/td>\n<td>Nej<\/td>\n<td>RSTP, MRP og ringprotokoller<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">Diagnose<\/td>\n<td>Lysdioder, nogle gange alarmrel\u00e6<\/td>\n<td>Portstatistik, alarmer, logs, port mirroring<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">Sikkerhed<\/td>\n<td>Ingen<\/td>\n<td>Brugerkonti, portl\u00e5sning, IEEE 802.1X<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"n\">Pris<\/td>\n<td>Lavere<\/td>\n<td>H\u00f8jere<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>Mellem dem findes smart-switche, nogle gange kaldet light-managed. De har et udvalg af funktionerne, for eksempel VLAN, RSTP og underst\u00f8ttelse af PROFINET eller EtherNet\/IP, men er nemmere at s\u00e6tte op.<\/p>\n<h2>Funktionerne, der g\u00f8r en forskel i industrien<\/h2>\n<h3>VLAN<\/h3>\n<p>Med VLAN opdeles \u00e9t fysisk net i flere logiske. Styresystemer, kameraer og kontortrafik kan g\u00e5 gennem de samme switche uden at se hinanden. Det begr\u00e6nser forstyrrelser og g\u00f8r nettet mere sikkert.<\/p>\n<h3>Prioritering (QoS)<\/h3>\n<p>Trafikken m\u00e6rkes med prioritet efter IEEE 802.1p, s\u00e5 I\/O-data g\u00e5r forud for filoverf\u00f8rsler og video, n\u00e5r en forbindelse er h\u00e5rdt belastet.<\/p>\n<h3>IGMP snooping<\/h3>\n<p>Switchen sender kun multicast til de porte, der har bedt om det. Det er vigtigt i EtherNet\/IP-net og til videostreams, hvor multicast ellers fylder hele nettet.<\/p>\n<h3>Redundans<\/h3>\n<p>RSTP (IEEE 802.1w) er standard og virker p\u00e5 tv\u00e6rs af m\u00e6rker, men omskiftningen kan tage fra under et sekund til flere sekunder i st\u00f8rre net. Ringprotokoller som MRP (IEC 62439-2) og producenternes egne, for eksempel Moxa Turbo Ring, skifter om inden for titals til hundredvis af millisekunder. HSR og PRP (IEC 62439-3) sender trafikken to veje samtidig og giver afbrydelsesfri redundans, for eksempel i transformerstationer.<\/p>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/scn-guide-switch-f1-da.webp\" alt=\"Fire switche i en ring. Forbindelsen mellem switch 2 og 3 er brudt, og den blokerede reserveforbindelse mellem switch 4 og 1 \u00e5bnes, s\u00e5 trafikken tager den anden vej\" width=\"1520\" height=\"520\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>En ring med fire switche: ved kabelbrud \u00e5bnes den blokerede reserveforbindelse.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Diagnose og PoE<\/h3>\n<p>En managed switch viser linkstatus, fejl og trafik pr. port og kan alarmere via SNMP, e-mail eller rel\u00e6udgang. PoE forsyner kameraer, access points og sensorer via netv\u00e6rkskablet: op til 15,4 W pr. port med IEEE 802.3af, 30 W med 802.3at og op til 90 W med 802.3bt, regnet ved switchen.<\/p>\n<h2>Hvad kr\u00e6ver industrien af en switch?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Temperatur<\/b> \u2013 industriswitche findes til \u221240 til 75 \u00b0C, uden bl\u00e6ser.<\/li>\n<li><b>Montage<\/b> \u2013 DIN-skinne eller v\u00e6g med metalkabinet og 19&#8243;-rack til backbone-net.<\/li>\n<li><b>Forsyning<\/b> \u2013 dobbelte indgange til j\u00e6vnsp\u00e6nding, for eksempel 12\u201348 V DC, og alarmrel\u00e6 ved forsyningssvigt.<\/li>\n<li><b>Stik og t\u00e6thed<\/b> \u2013 M12 i stedet for RJ45, hvor der er vibrationer, og IP67 til k\u00f8ret\u00f8jer og udend\u00f8rs brug.<\/li>\n<li><b>Godkendelser<\/b> \u2013 EN 50155 til jernbanek\u00f8ret\u00f8jer, IEC 61850-3 til transformerstationer og Class I Division 2 eller ATEX zone 2 til eksplosionsfarlige milj\u00f8er.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Hvilken switch passer hvor?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"g-tbl\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Hvis du \u2026<\/th>\n<th>\u2026 s\u00e5 v\u00e6lg<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>bygger en lille maskine med f\u00e5 enheder og intet fabriksnet<\/td>\n<td>Unmanaged switch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>leverer maskiner, der tilsluttes kundens net<\/td>\n<td>Managed switch eller smart-switch med VLAN og underst\u00f8ttelse af PROFINET eller EtherNet\/IP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>har mange EtherNet\/IP-enheder eller videostreams<\/td>\n<td>Managed switch med IGMP snooping<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>driver en proces, hvor et kabelbrud ikke m\u00e5 stoppe produktionen<\/td>\n<td>Managed switch med ringprotokol eller MRP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>forsyner kameraer og access points i tunneler, parkeringshuse eller havne<\/td>\n<td>Switch med PoE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>bygger net i tog og sporvogne<\/td>\n<td>M12-switch efter EN 50155<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>bygger transformerstationer og koblingsanl\u00e6g<\/td>\n<td>Switch efter IEC 61850-3, ofte med PRP eller HSR<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>bygger k\u00f8ret\u00f8jer, skibe eller forsvarssystemer<\/td>\n<td>IP67-klassificeret switch eller VPX-switch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>skal blande styring, video og IT med garanterede svartider<\/td>\n<td>TSN-switch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Hvad er TSN, og hvorn\u00e5r betyder det noget?<\/h2>\n<p>Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) er en samling standarder fra IEEE 802.1, der g\u00f8r almindeligt Ethernet deterministisk. Uden TSN kan en stor videostream eller filoverf\u00f8rsel forsinke styredata et kort \u00f8jeblik. Med TSN f\u00e5r den tidskritiske trafik garanteret forsinkelse, ogs\u00e5 n\u00e5r nettet er fyldt med anden trafik.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>IEEE 802.1AS<\/b> \u2013 f\u00e6lles ur i alle enheder.<\/li>\n<li><b>IEEE 802.1Qbv<\/b> \u2013 planlagte tidsvinduer til den tidskritiske trafik.<\/li>\n<li><b>IEEE 802.1Qbu og 802.3br<\/b> \u2013 lange rammer kan afbrydes, n\u00e5r en hastende ramme skal frem.<\/li>\n<li><b>IEEE 802.1CB<\/b> \u2013 rammer sendes to veje for afbrydelsesfri redundans.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/scn-guide-switch-f2-da.webp\" alt=\"Tidsplan i et TSN-net: hver cyklus begynder med et reserveret tidsvindue til styredata, derefter \u00f8vrig trafik som video og IT\" width=\"1520\" height=\"430\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>TSN reserverer et tidsvindue i hver cyklus, s\u00e5 styredata aldrig skal vente p\u00e5 anden trafik.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>TSN betyder noget, n\u00e5r styring, video og IT skal dele samme net med skrappe tidskrav, n\u00e5r motion control skal k\u00f8re over et f\u00e6lles net, og i k\u00f8ret\u00f8jer, luftfart og forsvar, hvor mange systemer deler et backbone-net. PROFINET og OPC UA har varianter til TSN, og IEC\/IEEE 60802 beskriver en f\u00e6lles TSN-profil til industriautomation.<\/p>\n<p>Til en almindelig maskine eller produktionscelle er der ikke brug for TSN i dag. PROFINET og EtherNet\/IP fungerer fint med almindelige managed switche. Bygger du et anl\u00e6g, der skal leve i 15\u201320 \u00e5r, kan det alligevel v\u00e6re klogt at sp\u00f8rge efter TSN-underst\u00f8ttelse.<\/p>\n<h2>Almindelige fejl<\/h2>\n<ol class=\"g-pit\">\n<li><b>Unmanaged switch i et EtherNet\/IP-net.<\/b> Uden IGMP snooping sendes multicast til alle porte, og simple enheder kan f\u00e5 mere trafik, end de kan klare.<\/li>\n<li><b>En l\u00f8kke uden redundansprotokol.<\/b> Forbindes to porte ved en fejl, opst\u00e5r der en broadcast-storm, som kan l\u00e6gge hele nettet ned. RSTP eller stormbeskyttelse forhindrer det.<\/li>\n<li><b>Forskellige ringprotokoller i samme ring.<\/b> Producenternes egne ringprotokoller virker sj\u00e6ldent p\u00e5 tv\u00e6rs af m\u00e6rker. Blander du m\u00e6rker, s\u00e5 v\u00e6lg en standard som MRP eller RSTP.<\/li>\n<li><b>PoE-budgettet r\u00e6kker ikke.<\/b> Kontroll\u00e9r b\u00e5de effekten pr. port og switchens samlede budget. Otte kameraer p\u00e5 30 W kr\u00e6ver 240 W.<\/li>\n<li><b>Standardadgangskoden er ikke \u00e6ndret.<\/b> En managed switch med fabriksadgangskode er en \u00e5ben d\u00f8r ind i styresystemet. Skift adgangskoden, og luk tjenester, der ikke bruges.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Switche hos SCN<\/h2>\n<p>Vi har unmanaged, managed og TSN-switche fra blandt andre Moxa, Axiomtek, Yaskawa, Duagon, Diamond Systems og Enercon. Sortimentet sp\u00e6nder fra sm\u00e5 switche til DIN-skinne til Layer 3-switche til rack, M12-switche til tog og VPX-switche til forsvarssystemer.<\/p>\n<h3>Eksempler fra vores sortiment<\/h3>\n<div class=\"g-prod\"><a class=\"g-pc\" href=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/da\/vare\/eacsw-da\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/winmate-eacsw-main.webp\" alt=\"Winmate EACSW maritim Ethernet-switch med 8 porte\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"g-pb\">Winmate<\/span><span class=\"g-pn\">EACSW maritim Ethernet-switch med 8 porte<\/span><span class=\"g-pw\">Unmanaged switch med 8 porte \u2013 plug and play, redundante 12\u201348 VDC-indgange, montage p\u00e5 DIN-skinne eller v\u00e6g.<\/span><\/a><a class=\"g-pc\" href=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/da\/vare\/pn5-rd-pn8-rd-managed-profinet-switch-da\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/yaskawa-pn5-rd-pn8-rd-main.webp\" alt=\"Yaskawa PN5-RD \/ PN8-RD managed PROFINET-switch\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"g-pb\">Yaskawa<\/span><span class=\"g-pn\">PN5-RD \/ PN8-RD managed PROFINET-switch<\/span><span class=\"g-pw\">Managed PROFINET-switch (Conformance Class B) med Turbo Ring, VLAN, QoS og IGMP snooping til DIN-skinne.<\/span><\/a><a class=\"g-pc\" href=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/da\/vare\/tsn-g5016-da\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/moxa-tsn-g5016-main.webp\" alt=\"Moxa TSN-G5016 16-ports gigabit TSN-switch\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"g-pb\">Moxa<\/span><span class=\"g-pn\">TSN-G5016 16-ports gigabit TSN-switch<\/span><span class=\"g-pw\">Managed TSN-switch med tidssynkronisering efter IEEE 802.1AS og planl\u00e6gning efter IEEE 802.1Qbv.<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"g-links\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/da\/vare-kategori\/produkter\/network-products-2\/ethernet-da\/managed-switches-da\/\">Managed switche<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/da\/vare-kategori\/produkter\/network-products-2\/ethernet-da\/unmanaged-switches-da\/\">Unmanaged switche<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/da\/vare-kategori\/produkter\/network-products-2\/ethernet-da\/time-sensitive-networking-da\/\">Time-Sensitive Networking<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/da\/vare-kategori\/produkter\/network-products-2\/ethernet-da\/mil-ethernet-switches-da\/\">MIL Ethernet-switche<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/da\/vare-kategori\/produkter\/network-products-2\/ethernet-da\/\">Ethernet-switche<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"g-cta\">\n<p>Usikker p\u00e5, hvilken switch dit net har brug for? Beskriv anl\u00e6gget for vores ingeni\u00f8rer \u2013 du f\u00e5r svar inden for 24 timer.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/scn.eu\/da\/kontakt\/\">Sp\u00f8rg en ingeni\u00f8r<\/a><\/div>\n<h2>Ofte stillede sp\u00f8rgsm\u00e5l<\/h2>\n<details>\n<summary>Kan man blande managed og unmanaged switche?<\/summary>\n<p>Ja, de fungerer sammen i samme net. Men VLAN, IGMP snooping og redundans g\u00e6lder kun i de managed switche, s\u00e5 plac\u00e9r dem, hvor trafikken m\u00f8des.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Hvad er IGMP snooping?<\/summary>\n<p>En funktion, hvor switchen holder styr p\u00e5, hvilke enheder der vil modtage en multicast-stream, og kun sender den til deres porte. Uden den sendes multicast ud overalt.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Kr\u00e6ver PROFINET en managed switch?<\/summary>\n<p>Ikke altid. I Conformance Class A r\u00e6kker almindelige switche, men Class B kr\u00e6ver switche med PROFINET-diagnose, blandt andet topologiinformation via LLDP og SNMP.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Hvad er forskellen p\u00e5 RSTP og MRP?<\/summary>\n<p>RSTP er en generel IEEE-standard, der virker i alle topologier, men omskiftningen kan tage op til nogle sekunder. MRP er lavet til ringe i industrinet og skifter om inden for en garanteret tid, normalt h\u00f8jst 200 ms.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Virker almindelige enheder i et TSN-net?<\/summary>\n<p>Ja, TSN-switche videresender almindelig Ethernet-trafik. Garantierne for forsinkelse g\u00e6lder dog kun den planlagte trafik, og alle switche p\u00e5 vejen skal underst\u00f8tte TSN.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En unmanaged switch forbinder enheder uden indstillinger. En managed switch lader dig styre, prioritere og overv\u00e5ge trafikken. Her gennemg\u00e5r vi forskellene, hvad industrien kr\u00e6ver, og hvorn\u00e5r Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) er v\u00e6rd at v\u00e6lge.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":8234436,"template":"","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"managed switch","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Managed eller unmanaged switch? S\u00e5dan adskiller de sig: VLAN, QoS, IGMP snooping, redundans og PoE \u2013 og hvorn\u00e5r du har brug for TSN i et industrinet.","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"hide","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"hide","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","_scn_guide_cats":[871,870,873,864],"_scn_guide_sectors":[1011,1080,10762],"_scn_guide_type":"tech","_scn_guide_order":18,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8234559","scn_guide","type-scn_guide","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Managed eller unmanaged switch \u2013 og hvorn\u00e5r kr\u00e6ves TSN? | SCN<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Managed eller unmanaged switch? 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